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just question and correct answer BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 1 1. What is the smallest unit of a living thing? A. Cell B. Organ C. Organelles D. Organism E. Tissue 2. Which of the following does NOT belong to eukaryotes? A. Animals B. Bacteria C. Fungi D. Plants E. Protists 3. Light microscope produces an inverted image. A. True B. False 4. Individual cells are generally transparent. A. True B. False 5. Which of the following is usually used by students in a college biology lab? A. Dissecting microscope B. Electron microscope C. Light microscope D. All of the above 6. Which of the following has a lower magnification but provides a 3D view of the specimen? A. Dissecting microscope B. Electron microscope C. Light microscope D. All of the above 7. Which of the following is NOT true of electron microscopes? A. Designed to give a magnified and clear view of the anatomy of the whole organism B. Provide higher magnification C. Provide higher resolving power D. Use a beam of electrons E. All of the above are true 8. Live cells cannot be viewed using an electron microscope. A. True B. False BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 2 9. A scanning electron microscope provides details of a cell’s internal structures. A. True B. False 10. Which of the following is NOT true of cell theory? A. All living things are composed of one or more cells B. All new cells arise from existing cells C. The cell is the basic unit of life D. van Leeuwenhoek proposed in the late 1830s E. All of the above are true 11. Which of the following is NOT one of four common components all cells share? A. Cell wall B. Cytoplasm C. DNA D. Plasma membrane E. Ribosome 12. Which of the following is a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found? A. Cell wall B. Cytoplasm C. DNA D. Plasma membrane E. Ribosome 13. Which of the following is NOT true of prokaryotic cells? A. Have no cell wall B. Have no membrane-bound organelle C. Lack a nucleus D. Single-celled (unicellular) organism E. All of the above are true 14. Only bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. A. True B. False 15. Which of the following helps the cell maintain its shape and prevents dehydration in prokaryotic cells? A. Capsule B. Cell wall C. Fimbriae D. Flagella E. Pili BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 3 16. Which of the following can used to exchange genetic materials during conjugation? A. Capsule B. Cell wall C. Flagella D. Pili E. Ribosome 17. As a cell becomes larger, it becomes more and more difficult for the cell to acquire sufficient materials to support the processes inside the cell. A. True B. False 18. Which of the following is NOT true of plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells? A. A selectively permeable barrier B. Made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins C. Regulates the passage of some substances D. Separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment E. All of the above are true 19. Which of the following is where many metabolic reactions, including protein synthesis, take place? A. Cilia B. Cytoplasm C. Cytoskeleton D. Flagella E. Plasma membrane 20. Which of the following is a network of protein fibers that helps to maintain the shape of the cell in eukaryotes? A. Cilia B. Cytoplasm C. Cytoskeleton D. Flagella E. Plasma membrane 21. Microfilaments are common in muscle cells and are responsible for muscle cell contraction. A. True B. False 22. Which of the following is NOT true of microtubules? A. Guide organelle movement B. Hollow tubes that can dissolve and reform quickly C. Keratin that strengthens hair and nails is an example D. The thickest of the cytoskeletal fibers E. The structural components of flagella and cilia BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 4 23. Which of the following are long, hair-like structures that are used for locomotion? A. Cilia B. Cytoplasm C. Cytoskeleton D. Flagella E. Plasma membrane 24. Which of the following does NOT belong to the endomembrane system? A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi apparatus C. Lysosomes D. Mitochondria E. Nuclear envelope 25. Which of the following is NOT true of nucleus? A. Directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins B. Houses the cell’s DNA C. The most prominent organelle in a cell D. The nuclear envelope is a double-membrane structure E. All of the above are true 26. Chromosomes are only visible and distinguishable from one another when the cell is getting ready to divide. A. True B. False 27. Which of the following modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids? A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi apparatus C. Lysosomes D. Mitochondria E. Ribosomes 28. Secretory vesicles deposit their contents into other parts of the cell where they will be used. A. True B. False 29. Which of the following digest the food cells ingest and recycle organelles? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes E. Ribosomes BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 5 30. Which of the following are responsible for protein synthesis? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes E. Ribosomes 31. Which of the following are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell’s main energy-carrying molecule? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes E. Ribosomes 32. Which of the following carry out oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes E. Ribosomes 33. Which of the following structures are found only in animals? A. Central vacuole B. Centrioles C. Chloroplasts D. Lysosomes E. Plasmodesmata 34. Which of the following structures are found only in plants? A. Centrioles B. Centrosomes C. Chloroplasts D. Lysosomes E. All of the above 35. Animal cells do not have cell walls. A. True B. False 36. Which of the following have peptidoglycan in their cell walls? A. Animals B. Bacteria C. Fungi BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 6 D. Plants E. Protists 37. Which of the following functions in photosynthesis? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes E. Ribosomes 38. Autotrophs are able to make their own food, like glucose, whereas heterotrophs must rely on other organisms for their organic compounds or food source. A. True B. False 39. Which of the following structures play a key role in regulating the cell’s concentration of water in changing environmental conditions? A. Central vacuole B. Centrioles C. Chloroplasts D. Lysosomes E. Plasmodesmata 40. Which of the following junctions is found in the epithelial cells lining the urinary bladder prevent urine from leaking into the extracellular space? A. Desmosome B. Gap junction C. Plasmodesmata D. Tight junction E. All of the above 41. Which of the following is NOT true of cell membrane? A. Carries markers that allow cells to recognize one another B. Consists of cellulose in plants C. Constantly in flux D. Defines the boundary of the cell E. Dynamic 42. Which of the following components of plasma membrane is found only in animals? A. Carbohydrates B. Cholesterol C. Glycolipids D. Glycoproteins E. Phospholipids BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 7 43. Both surfaces of the plasma membrane are hydrophilic. A. True B. False 44. Which of the following is NOT true of integral proteins? A. Found on the exterior or interior surfaces of membranes B. May serve as channels or pumps C. May span all or part of the membrane D. Move materials into or out of the cell E. All of the above are true 45. Which of the following is the third major component of plasma membranes? A. Carbohydrates B. Cholesterol C. Glycolipids D. Glycoproteins E. Phospholipids 46. Passive transport is a naturally occurring phenomenon and does not require the cell to expend energy to accomplish the movement. A. True B. False 47. Which of the following is NOT true of diffusion? A. A naturally occurring phenomenon B. A passive transport C. Expends no energy D. Substances move from high concentration to low concentration E. All of the above are true 48. The greater the difference in concentration, the more rapid the diffusion. A. True B. False 49. Which of the following is NOT true of facilitated diffusion? A. A passive transport B. Expends energy C. Involves transport proteins D. Materials move down a concentration gradient E. All of the above are true 50. Osmosis transports materials across membranes and within cells. A. True B. False BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 8 51. Which of the following is true of tonicity? A. Animal cells may burst or lyse in a hypertonic solution B. Animal cells may shrivel in a hypotonic solution C. In a hypertonic solution, water enters the cell D. In a hypotonic solution, water exits the cell E. None of the above 52. Which of the following is NOT true of active transport? A. Include diffusion and facilitated diffusion B. Move the substance against the concentration gradient C. Require energy D. Usually involves adenosine triphosphate (ATP) E. All of the above are true 53. The interior of living cells is electrically negative with respect to the extracellular fluid in which they are bathed. A. True B. False 54. Which of the following is NOT true of electrochemical gradient? A. Cells have higher concentrations of potassium (K+) than does the extracellular fluid B. Cells have lower concentrations of sodium (Na+) than does the extracellular fluid C. The electrical gradient of Na+ tends to drive it inward to the negatively charged interior D. The electrical gradient of K+ promotes diffusion of the ion into the cell E. All of the above are true 55. The electrical gradient of Na+ promotes diffusion of the ion into the cell, but the concentration gradient of Na+ promotes diffusion out of the cell. A. True B. False 56. Which of the following is NOT a true statement? A. Active transport mechanisms include pumps or carrier proteins B. Active transport mechanisms work against electrochemical gradients C. Cells must use energy to move substances against a concentration or an electrochemical gradient D. The energy required for active transport is harvested from ATP E. All of the above are true 57. Which of the following is NOT true of primary active transport? A. ATP itself is formed through primary active transport B. Move a substance, such as an ion, into the cell C. Often at the same time, a second substance is moved out of the cell D. Uses ATP to move a substance E. All of the above are true BIOL 1111K Review Test – Chapter 3 9 58. Which of the following uses the energy of the electrochemical gradient created by the primary active transport system? A. Diffusion B. Endocytosis C. Facilitated diffusion D. Secondary active transport E. All of the above 59. Which of the following is NOT true of endocytosis? A. A type of active transport B. Expel material from the cell into the extracellular fluid C. Move particles, such as large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells, into a cell D. There are three types of endocytosis E. All of the above are true 60. Which of the following uses the process through which a type of white blood cell called a neutrophil removes the invader when microorganisms invade the human body? A. Phagocytosis B. Pinocytosis C. Primary active transport D. Receptor-mediated endocytosis E. Secondary active transport

Use video to do the lab worksheet. If video won’t play I can sent you the link Cell Structure and Function Background: Cells are the basic structural unit of life. The cell theory states that all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from other cells. All living cells can be classified into either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. The main difference between them is that prokaryotes do not have nuclei, while eukaryotes contain nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes. All other organisms are eukaryotes, including animals and plants. In this lab, students will learn about the organelles found in animal and plant cells, including nucleus, nucleolus, DNA (chromatin, chromosomes), ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body (apparatus), vacuole, lysosome, mitochondria, cytoskeleton, chloroplasts, cell walls, cell membrane, cilia, flagella, etc. Procedures: 1. Go to Note: Students must use this video content to complete the corresponding worksheet 2. Download “Worksheet _ Cell structure and function” posted under “Content” in GeorgiaVIEW and fill out the table and answer the questions in the worksheet based on the video 3. Submit the worksheet (answers) to the folder under “Assignments” in GeorgiaVIEW

Please read the PPT and create the Dichotomous Key

Select a topic related to genome editing: Human Genome Editing: Societal opportunities and challenges, implications for future generations, and assessing the impact on society.  - Summarize the background of the topic in an overview – what steps have been done that can make this a possibility?  - Explain the societal impact of current and potentially future strategies. For the assignment, here is what is expected: Length: The papers do not have a length requirement, but ideally would be no more than 3 pages single spaced or 6 pages double spaced. References: Any format that suits your writing style is acceptable- even referencing within the text, as is done in magazine or newspaper articles. Topics: Anything related to human genome editing, its impact on society, and the future of applying this. We have covered everything from governance to intellectual property, and so there is no shortage of topics!

Small Group Discussion 4 Starts Jun 8 Group/section restrictions.  Must post first. 1st posting due , answer the following questions: 1. In chapter 13, you learned about many different energy sources.  Each has advantages and disadvantages.  Of you were an energy policy analyst, how would you compare such different problems as the risk of nuclear accident versus air pollution effects from burning coal?   2.  How would you evaluate the debate about net energy gain or loss in biofuels?  What questions would you ask the experts on each side of this question?  What worldviews or agendas do you think might be implicit in this argument? 3.  It clearly will cost a lot of money to switch from fossil fuels to renewables.  How would you respond to someone who says that future costs from climate change are no concern of theirs? 2nd Posting- due Thursday, has two parts: First part:  Respond to at least one person's 1st posting Second part:  Answer the following questions: 1.  Why do you think controlling mercury is such a difficult problem? What are the technological, economic, political, or other factors involved?  Whose responsibility is it to reduce these emissions? 2.  Utility managers once claimed that it would cost $1,000 per fish to control acid precipitation in the Adirondack lakes and that it would be cheaper to buy fish for anglers than to put scrubbers on power plants.  Does that justify continuing pollution?  Why or why not? 3.  What questions do you have about chapter 9 and 13 that have not bee sufficiently answered? You must start a thread before you can read and reply to other threads Up the anty on GM discussion- GM mosquitos! Starts Jun 15 Correlation and Causation Must post first.First Post due- Friday  May 31 at 11:59pm What did you think about the article and questions?  Have you experienced this confusion in your daily life? Find a real-life example (not on from lecture videos) of when people have confused correlation for causation (intentionally or unintentionally).  Explain the scenario and how it plays on people's misunderstanding between correlation and causation.   Must post first. You had great discussions in your groups about GMOs.  I found this news clip the other day. Listen to this ~6 minute news clip about the first genetically modified mosquito for the class-wide discussion.  It is recent, from February of a couple years ago.   https://www.mprnews.org/story/2019/02/20/npr-scientists-release-controversial-genetically-modified-mosquitoes-security-lab First Post- due  Answer the following questions: 1) What are your reactions to this article and the production of a GM mosquito that is lethal to its own species? 2) What would be the impacts of mosquitos being eradicated?  How might this impact ecosystems?  Bring in your knowledge from chapter 3 and what you have learned about the importance of biodiversity.   3) What questions do you have? (none is not an option) Second Post- due Respond to at least one classmate's post.  Your response should add information and answer their question. Tell us your thoughts! You must start a thread before you can read and reply to other thread 1, Kermit to Kermette Case Study Assignment 2, MPCA Case Study assignment 3, Ecological Footprint

Provide a summary that includes ALL of the following elements: your summary should be between 1 and 1.5 pages, typed (font Times, 12), and 1.5 space. A short (less than 100 words) biographical summary about the lead author, including their background, any challenges, and major contributions to the field of study.(write about their personal life) A brief introduction of the paper. Put the current study in context. Brief history, definitions, and background information on the science involved in this paper. The main purpose of this paper. In other words, what is the unanswered question that is addressed in this study? What are the main experiments done to answer this question? Describe the data obtained without getting into too much technical detail. What are the conclusions reached by the authors? Bonus points for providing a short critique of the article: Maybe come up with your own conclusions based on the data presented Include any sections that were confusing or unclear to you and why Do you think there is a better way the experiment could have been conducted? Were the experiments well controlled?

Before You Start:  To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you: Read these directions carefully. Review the sample Annotated Bibliography provided to you: Sample Annotated Bibliography Read the grading criteria HERE. The grading criteria is a detailed evaluation that I will use to assess your performance. It also will help you understand what is expected of you as you prepare your assignment. Use your own words (paraphrase). For help with paraphrasing, please review 'Quoting and Paraphrasing'help in the Trefry Library Writing@APUS Center.  Note that your Turnitin report similarity score should be under 20% (not including references) and free of paraphrasing issues. Review the color-flagged text on your report, fix any issues, and resubmit again before the deadline (this assignment is set to unlimited submissions). Note that less than 10% of your work should contain direct quotes. Email me with any questions! Assignment Instructions: Your Annotated Bibliography will include an APA-formatted reference, summary, and evaluation of two of the source articles you will use for your Outline and Final Presentation.  However, you must use FIVE or more articles in your Outline and Final Presentation. Summary: What is the purpose of the source article, and how is it relevant to your Course Project's topic and required subtopics?  Briefly address the following points in 4-6 sentences: Begin with a "topic sentence" that states the source's main point. (e.g., This article discusses the etiology of osteoarthritis in the synovial joints.).        Summarize the main findings and conclusions of the peer-reviewed journal paper, book, website article, etc. State how the information is relevant to your project's assigned topics and subtopics. Evaluation: After summarizing the source article, it is necessary to evaluate it and state where you found it(journal, website, book, etc.). Briefly answer the following questions in 4-6 sentences: What is the format/type of source article (e.g., peer-reviewed journal paper, book, website article)?  Is the author an authority/expert on the topic? Explain how the author is qualified (see below). For subject-matter experts, provide their credentials (e.g., degrees earned, professional or academic affiliations, published works) For freelance/professional writers (non-experts), state if all reference sources are academically and scientifically credible and provide an example.   For undergraduate-student writers (non-experts), include the subject-matter expert that may have edited or reviewed their work.  If no author is listed, move on to discuss the publishing source. How is the publishing source (e.g., website's sponsoring organization, journal, book publisher) credible?  (e.g., The Journal of the American Medical Association is an international, peer-reviewed journal comprised of subject-matter expert members and published 48 times a year by the American Medical Association.) The two sources that I would like the annotated Bibliography on are below. Please use attached template and view the Sample. Lovic, D., Piperidou, A., Zografou, I., Grassos, H., Pittaras, A., & Manolis, A. (2020). The growing epidemic of diabetes mellitus. Current vascular pharmacology, 18(2), 104-109. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570161117666190405165911 What is diabetes? (2023, April 1). National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes

My Plate Watch the video HealthyLiving MyPlate Dietary GuidelinesLinks to an external site..  Post your summary of the video which includes answers to the following questions: What is your overall impression of the MyPlate Dietary Guidelines? To what extent does your current plate reflect the MyPlate guidelines? Identify and explain two possible flaws with the MyPlate guidelines.

Discussion Carbohydrates 1. Instructions: Read the scenario, and post your answers to the questions that follow. Also, read and respond to at least one of your fellow classmates' post. (Make sure your post is more substantial that just "I agree". Provide specifics.) Incomplete assignments will be deducted 5 points. Remember to follow netiquette rules. John and Mike are identical twins who like the same games, sports, and foods. However, John like to chew sugar-free gum and Mike doesn't. At their last dental visit, John had no cavities but Mike had two. Mike wants to know why John, who chews gum after eating, doesn't have cavities and he does. How would you explain this to him? 2. Think about your usual eating habits. List three food items that would fall under the "refined grains" category. Select three "whole grains" food items you would be willing to substitute in place of the refined grains.

Discussion Fats 1. Instructions: Read the scenario, and post your answers to the questions that follow.  Posts must be at least 5-6 sentences in length.   Advertisements often claim that fats are bad.  Your classmate Mike asks, "If fats are so bad for us, why do we need to have any in our diets?"  How would you answer him? 2. Which of the following would you recommend? Energy (kcal)Total fat (grams)Saturated fat (grams)Cholesterol (mg)Regular ground beef, 3.5 oz cooked27318782Ground chuck, 3.5 oz cooked23214586Ground round, 3.5 oz cooked20411482Ground sirloin, 3.5 oz cooked1646376Review the table above.  Taking into consideration the nutrition information listed for each type of ground beef, cooking methods, and expense, select which type you would recommend.  Explain the reasons behind your recommendation.