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What is a habitat?  Habitats are specific areas where organisms can live. Within the marine realm, there are several unique habitats  such as coral reefs, sandy shorelines, deep sea hydrothermal vents, and mangroves (these are all highlighted in  your book, chapters 13-18, and will be discussed in class). Repeated worldwide, they are known as biomes, and  can provide the basis for worldwide ecological relationships and ecosystem services for humans. For example,  there are coral reefs in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans- they can grow anywhere the temperature is  warm and the water is clear and shallow.  For this final project, you will craft a well-researched discussion paper detailing some of the current research  being done within your habitat. You will sign up for a habitat, and then need to choose some sub-topic within  (i.e., you are not going to talk about ALL coral reefs, but instead need to discuss a specific topic within coral  reefs, like ocean acidification on coral reefs). This will be a thorough overview of the current research- with a  minimum of 4 peer reviewed sources. Background information will be minimal, and examples of current  research about the topic will be the majority of the discussion.  A discussion paper will require you to make a thesis statement (like a hypothesis) and then find points of  evidence to either support or reject that statement. For example, I may say ‘oyster reef habitats are at great risk  due to disease’. Then, I would need to find several peer-reviewed sources that talk about the effect of disease  on oysters- it could be talking about changes in reproduction, death, shell deficiencies- anything that would  either support or reject the statement. (If you don’t know what a discussion paper is, read the last section of a  peer reviewed journal- the Discussion. That is what you are aiming to do). Part 1: Habitat (OPEN OCEAN/PELAGIC)  TOPIC (ECOSYSTEMS) Part 2: : Literature check and Thesis statement (Upload 4 chosen articles and discussion statement) You must find a minimum of 4 peer reviewed primary literature articles related to your discussion statement.  Also include in this upload what your discussion statement will be. These articles will be the basis for your  paper and should be full PDFs. Remember, primary  literature is from a peer-reviewed journal, and contains methods, results and conclusions. All papers must be  within the last 5 years, 2018-present. Part 3: Synopsis and outline  Upload your synopsis (with thesis statement) and short outline. A synopsis is an overview of what you will discuss. This should be 3-4 sentences, including your thesis  statement, and give us a broad idea of your topic and what you will be discussing. The outline should contain a  little more detail about how you will organize your paper. All 4 peer-reviewed sources- plus any additional  secondary sources- should be cited on the outline.

This is the fifth of a series of podcasts you will summarize as a graded assignment (others are also available for extra credit). You may choose to summarize one of two options: one is on climate anxiety and the other is on how natural selection has made it harder to fight the malaria mosquito, especially in light of climate change. Your summary should be between 300 and 500 words (1-1.5 pages, 1.5 spaced, Times New Roman) and should include the main points you hear in this podcast. Please include: 1) Three key points; 2) Something that is a novelty for you; 3) The short, take-home message; 3) Your personal take on this podcast. Podcast link option 1: Feeling Doomed? How to Tackle Climate AnxietyLinks to an external site. | How to Save a Planet Podcast link option 2: Why Our Brains Don't Care About Climate Change EnoughLinks to an external site. | The Happiness Lab Option 1 summary: “We’re all doomed.” If you’ve ever thought this to yourself while looking down at the remnants of your paper straw floating in your plastic coffee cup (just me?), you may be experiencing climate anxiety. Climate feelings, like anxiety and grief, are on the rise all over the world. And researcher Britt Wray started feeling them herself when she was newly married and started thinking about having children. So she started to study these feelings to learn more about the roots of her climate anxiety, how common it was, and why learning to cope with it is an important step towards taking climate action. Option 2 summary: Humans are great at reacting to mortal danger... but only sometimes. Unfortunately, some risks to our safety and wellbeing don't set off alarm bells in our brains. Climate change falls into that category. Why is that? Harvard psychologist Dan Gilbert explains how some dangers trigger us, and some don't. In discussion with Dr Laurie Santos, he also outlines ways in which we can be made to care more about threats to the planet and maybe react to them in more positive, happiness-inducing ways.

Cancer Biology: Final project 80 pts Choose any cancer type that interests you. Research the topic and write a brief paper (around 2-3 page 1.5space) Outlining the following: 1. Intro to the cancer type (including overall stats;general description) 2. Specific oncogenic and/or tumor suppressor mutations associated with this cancer type 3. Any specific information concerning the role of angiogenesis and/or metastasis in its progression/prognosis 4. Current and/or developing improvements in diagnostics and/or therapeutics Use/cite at least 3-5 sources (NCI, cancer.gov, science daily, etc...plenty of internet sources are available)

Please summarize this podcast  1) Three key points; 2) Something that is a novelty for you; 3) The short, take-home message; 3) Your personal take on this podcast. Here is the link to the podcast: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=B_MApcLUB8w Humans are great at reacting to mortal danger... but only sometimes. Unfortunately, some risks to our safety and wellbeing don't set off alarm bells in our brains. Climate change falls into that category. Why is that? Harvard psychologist Dan Gilbert explains how some dangers trigger us, and some don't. In discussion with Dr Laurie Santos, he also outlines ways in which we can be made to care more about threats to the planet and maybe react to them in more positive, happiness-inducing ways. Please summarize this podcast! 

Attached is the patient Be sure to be mindful and to include the following, Ethical considerations, decision making, critical thinking, communication, research skills, analytical thinking and background knowledge Your presentation could be broken down as follows: Introduction: Briefly introduce the case study, including the patient's background and or presenting symptoms. State the objective of the presentation: to analyze and interpret the case based on available test results. Clinical Presentation: Describe the patient's current symptoms in detail. Discuss the onset (if applicable), duration, and progression of symptoms(if applicable). Diagnostic Tests: Present the results of relevant diagnostic tests, including laboratory tests, imaging studies, and other medical examinations. Interpret each test result in the context of the patient's presentation. Data Analysis: Analyze the data gathered from the patient's history and diagnostic tests. Look for patterns, correlations, or inconsistencies. A symptom and the hormone affected. How does the change in the hormone feedback diagram explain the symptom? Differential Diagnosis: Discuss potential diagnoses based on the symptoms and test results. Provide a rationale for each potential diagnosis. Elimination Process: Explain the process of eliminating certain diagnoses based on the available evidence. Discuss why certain conditions are more or less likely. Final Diagnosis: Present the final diagnosis or a narrowed list of possible diagnoses. Justify the chosen diagnosis based on the analysis and available evidence. Challenges and Limitations: Acknowledge any challenges faced during the analysis, such as incomplete information or ambiguous test results. Discuss the limitations of the analysis. Conclusion: Summarize the key findings of the analysis. Emphasize the importance of the diagnosis and treatment plan. Treatment Plan: Outline a proposed treatment plan based on the diagnosed condition. Discuss the rationale behind the chosen interventions. What could you recommend to relieve their symptoms or cure their disorder? Your recommendation should be justified so that the Chief Resident can see how the treatment fits into your understanding of the change in the feedback diagram for hormones in this disorder.

For your signature assignment, compose a case analysis (in addition to a title page, abstract, and reference list page) written in APA Style citing at least 3 references with one non-Internet reference. The following should be covered in the paper: Title Page: Case Title, Full Name, Section, Date, Instructor, and Campus Abstract: Summarize the case o One non-indented paragraph on a separate page. This will be page 2. Introduction: The physiological importance of the liver, pancreas, and kidneys for the proper functioning of the human body Body: Response to the prompts: Organize your analysis with headings that thoroughly answer the prompts (e.g., “Abnormal Glucose Levels” for question 1). -Explain each prompt in depth with physiological concepts and provide sufficient evidence from the literature for each prompt. o Include normal physiological ranges (if it applies). -Maintain the order of questions when answering. Conclusion: Summarize the paper in a paragraph. Support your opinions with evidence from your readings and research. Review the rubric for complete grading criteria. Case: End-Stage Kidney Disease Cynthia, a 53-year-old female presented to the emergency room due to feeling constantly tired, hungry, thirsty, and with frequent urination. Her past medical history is significant for cirrhosis and end-stage kidney disease. Physical examination had revealed yellowish discoloration to the skin, multiple bruises, bilateral edema, and weakness lasting more than three weeks. Laboratory tests were ordered (results provided below) after which she was prescribed metformin and informed to contact a doctor if she starts experiencing nausea, vomiting, fast breathing, and/or lethargy, as metformin has been known to cause metabolic acidosis. Complete Blood Count (CBC) Sodium 126 mEq/L Glucose 220 mmol/L Calcium 7.1 mg/dl Red blood cell count 3.9 cells/ul Iron 40  mcg/dL Albumin 2.5 g/dl Vitals Blood pressure 92/64 mmHg Hormone Panel Renin Low ADH Elevated Aldosterone Low Vitamins Vit D Low Vit K Low Vit E Low Vit A Low Urine and Stool Sample Stool color Gray Stool content Increase fat content Urine color Clear Complete Blood Count (CBC) Glucose Present Answer the following questions regarding Cynthia’s case: 1.What hormone is not functioning properly causing Cynthia’s glucose levels to be abnormal? Furthermore, explain in depth how this hormone regulates blood glucose levels. 2.What other hormone(s) are responsible for maintaining normal glucose levels? Explain in depth how they work. 3.Explain why Cynthia is presenting with excessive thirst (polydipsia), tiredness and hunger (polyphagia), and frequent urination (polyuria). 4.Explain why Cynthia is experiencing hypotension. How does the body and its various organ systems bring the blood pressure back towards homeostasis? 5.What do you expect Cynthia’s heart rate and end-diastolic volume (EDV) to be (elevated, normal, or low) and justify your expectation with cardiovascular formulas such as cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV). 6.What is the importance of iron in the body and the consequence of it being 40 mcg/dL? 7.Explain in detail what gluconeogenesis is and where in the body it occurs? Knowing that gluconeogenesis helps maintain blood glucose level, what is the effect of metformin on the management of diabetes mellitus type 2? 8.Looking at Cynthia’s albumin levels, what effect does it have on her (a) blood osmolarity (b) glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and (c) urine volume? 9.Explain how glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys? What is happening in Cynthia’s kidneys resulting in glucosuria and what effect does glucosuria have on her blood pressure? 10. If Cynthia ends up developing metabolic acidosis, what would the levels of her pH, CO2, and HCO3 be in the blood? Furthermore, how would the body compensate and address both renal and respiratory compensation (optional: show the compensation via a flow chart)? 

For this week's chat session, answer the following for credit. In your own words, summarize how our eyes send information to the brain to achieve vision. In your own words, describe the anatomy of the middle and inner ear. This is your section to ask questions, reply, and provide feedback for the week prior to help us all grow a class. The standards for this section are as follows: Respect others’ rights to hold opinions and beliefs that differ from your own. Challenge or criticize the idea, not the person. Listen carefully to what others are saying even when you disagree with what is being said. Comments that you make (asking for clarification, sharing critiques, expanding on a point, etc.) should reflect that you have paid attention to the speaker’s comments. Be courteous. Don’t interrupt or engage in private conversations while others are speaking. Support your statements. Use evidence and provide a rationale for your points Allow everyone the chance to talk. If you have much to say, try to hold back a bit; if you are hesitant to speak, look for opportunities to contribute to the discussion. If you are offended by something or think someone else might be, speak up and don't leave it for someone else to have to respond to it.

1. There are 3 different types of fermentation.  Lactic Acid, Ethanol/alcohol and Acetic acid.  Take some time to reflect about why understanding how fermentation works affects our everyday lives.  Consider food preservation, respiratory diseases, exercise physiology, industry, your chosen career field.   2. Write an analogy of how aerobic cellular respiration works, or draw it out with labels and explain it. Try to connect the analogy to the locations, byproducts, reactants, and energy output of aerobic cellular respiration. Guidelines for Response post:  Comment on the 3 posts that I attached under. Those 3 writings belongs to 3 different people, so they are not connected the each other, answer them separately. 7 or more sentences. You may respond to the ideas on fermentation or add ideas to another student's analogy for cellular respiration. You may also respond to other student's comments on your own analogy for cellular respiration. Keep it professional and kind, but use this as a time to work out how exactly a cell takes food molecules and makes it into ATP. You can also extend an analogy to describe what happens to the waste products (like how the body removes waste carbon dioxide), or how a toxin might affect cellular respiration (such as cyanide, or carbon monoxide) and relate it to one of the analogies in the discussion. 

For this assignment, pick a character that interests you (from any eukaryotic organism -- can be humans, any species of plant or animal, etc.) The character must be one that is heritable (meaning passed down through one or more genes), and it must be one that is understood well-enough to write about. Do some research to understand which gene(s) and alleles (dominant & recessive) play a role in this character, and what the possible traits or phenotypes are (related to different genotypes). If the genetic locus of the gene is known, find out what it is. Does the gene (or genes) involved participate in any of the topics we've discussed? Incomplete dominance, codominance, epistasis, pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance, sex-linked characteristics, etc? If there are multiple genes that participate in polygenic inheritance, what are the other genes? If the gene you're studying is pleiotropic, what are the other characters that it affects? If the gene(s) participate in epistasis, what other gene(s) play a role in determining the character you're studying? How does this character affect the organism you're studying? Are there any other interesting patterns or characteristics related to this character/gene/trait? Learn as much as you can. WHAT YOU WILL WRITE Once you've compiled your research, write ~2-3 paragraphs (using full sentences) describing what you have learned, based on the guidelines above. You may write more if desired. You must cite at least 2 reputable sources at the end. Any citation format is fine. If you use a website, you can simply paste the link -- I just need to be able to see where you are sourcing your information. (Wikipedia is a good resource, just remember you cannot cite Wikipedia directly -- use it to find other good sources.) You can paste your submission directly into Canvas OR upload a Word document. Other file formats may not upload properly. You can always resubmit (before the deadline) if an upload goes wrong.

TOPIC: DNA FINGERPRINTING AND FORESNSICS The research paper MUST adhere of APA format, 1.5 spacing, 12pt font, Times New Roman, cover page with title, reference page, and intext citations. The paper MUST use at least 4 peer-reviewed journal articles minimum. Safe Assign will be engaged and any plagiarism noted above 40% will not receive a grade. Late submissions will be penalized by -3 points per day. Research paper: Each student will select a topic below (each student must have a different topic) and write a minimum of 5-8 full pages (this does not include the reference page or cover page). There should be an abstract, and a clear introduction/background information paragraph for this research paper. Each student's paper should reflect the topic and also relate to recent global news in biotechnology that pertains to your topic. Your paper should show an understanding of your topic, current applications in society, compare current biotechnology with past techniques; discuss advantages/disadvantages as well as ethical concerns. Discuss how this biotechnology has impacted society, globally/nationally.