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Please make sure to use the files provided to answer the essay- follow all of the directions given and write it MLA format- Please be very specific and read all of the requirements- Very strict teacher and it is important to do very well. Introduction to Ethnomethodology MID-TERM EXAMINATION Write a short essay (4 pages but no more than 1250 words) on one of the following topics: In his early writings (especially The Structure of Social Action) Parsons develops a "voluntaristic" theory of action. What issues led Parsons to this theory? What are its fundamental claims? And how did Parsons use the theory to address the "Hobbesian problem of order"? Outline and discuss Parsons' conception of the "double contingency of interaction" and "the two-fold binding-in process of interaction." Explain how these processes are involved in the processes of institutionalization and socialization. Parsons believed that sociology should adopt a scientific stance towards the explanation of social action and his explanation centered on the role of norms and values as determinants of human action. What are the main difficulties that Wrong and Wilson raise with his approach? Alfred Schutz made basic contributions to our understanding of the social nature of knowledge. Describe the contributions he made and the use that Harold Garfinkel made of any TWO of these contributions. Describe Garfinkel's "tic tac toe" experiment and any ONE of the other breaching experiments discussed in the lectures or readings. Explain and discuss the conclusions that can be drawn from them. REQUIREMENTS: It is essential that you answer the question. You should definitely avoid giving your essay some alternative title and writing about that instead. Style Requirements: Your essay should be typed using a 12-point font, double-spaced and with 1" margins. You are REQUIRED to use appropriate citation practices for materials from the readings and lectures. Please include a bibliography listing the sources you have cited. If you cannot submit your essay by the deadline, you can submit it up to 3 days late without penalty. You do not need to ask for an extension or give any reasons for using it. Please note, however, that no further extensions can be given. Some notes on writing essays for Sociology 0. Prepare: Before beginning your essay, be sure to read the requirements for the assignment. Read all of them, even if you think you may be familiar with them already. 1. Write carefully: A. Plan your essay: What claims will you make? What evidence will you use to support those claims? What conclusions will be reached with each claim and its supporting evidence? Which point should you make first, second, or third? You may need to rearrange your essay if a different order makes more sense than the one you first decided upon. In planning the overall organization of your essay, you should be able to articulate: How does each paragraph lead to the next? How does each paragraph follow from the one prior? If you find yourself listing points or connecting paragraphs with “another,” etc., you are missing opportunities for analysis and wasting sentences. B. Know what you are saying! Each sentence should make sense to you. If a sentence does not make sense to you, it will not make sense to anyone else. C. Make each sentence count. Each sentence should do a “job” for the paragraph to which it contributes; each paragraph, in turn, should contribute to the section of which it is a part. Each section should address one element of the overarching question answered by the essay. 2. Avoid summaries of lectures or readings. Instead, organize your essay analytically. A. For example, if you claim that Parsons rejected biological and economic reductionism, you might begin by stating his main objections and then show how his theory specifically avoids these pitfalls. Be sure to show how his theory addressed these matters, e.g., the unit act focused on the subjective viewpoint of the actor and established norms and values as guides to action. Alternatively, show how Parsons used his analysis of roles and two-fold binding in process, etc., to argue that action could be guided by self-interest while also ensuring that this self-interest would always be channeled in socially beneficial ways. Simply repeating these points is insufficient; you must show how his theory explains or addresses these matters. Can you describe the logic or reasoning he uses? B. Developing an analytic orientation in your essay will require focusing on a limited range of issues. It’s okay not to cover every possible point related to the matter you are discussing. In picking a few key issues, focusing carefully on them, and justifying their selection, you will have already engaged in an analysis of sorts. (You can also include a sentence that lists the range of things you would discuss if you had more time/space, and then note that you have limited your discussion to a subset of these due to space considerations.) If you then supply reasons for your selections (e.g., their import, centrality, etc.), this will also serve as a kind of analysis. It shows me that you have thought about what is most important or relevant to answering the question. C. Use quotations to support your claims. Quotes from the assigned and suggested texts are the primary evidence for your claims about the theories you will discuss. When you make a claim, back it up with a quote from the reading, then make the quote ‘work’ for you by showing how it supports what you have just claimed and linking it to the broader argument you are making. Thus, instead of adding a quotation and moving on, explain how that quote contributes to your argument in a sentence or two following the quoted material. What does it mean? How does it support your argument? You should definitely avoid stringing quotes together. D. You can be confident that your observations are on target if you carefully tie each of your claims to a quotation (more or less directly) and base your analysis on that quote. Shaping your claims to reflect the materials you gather (e.g., quotations from the reading) and following what you quote with a close analysis in the next few sentences will force you to engage with the course material in a detailed way and thereby encourage a deeper understanding of that material, its basic claims, and their import for understanding social life. It also helps you to see where you still have work to do! E. Use concepts carefully. The concepts we have introduced are not interchangeable with common-sense terms, though they can be explicated using such terms. Make sure you understand a concept or term before using it. Doing so will save you grief and disappointment later. 3. Review and edit your essay Putting words on a page is only the first step of writing. Most writing entails revising and editing what you have written (for example, this sentence has already been revised four times.) Once you have a completed draft, read your essay aloud. Edit and revise any part that is vague or unclear, difficult to read, or not smooth in some way. Consider cutting any part that seems boring or slow because it doesn’t advance the essay. Then, re-read your essay and continue to edit it. Repeat until the essay is either perfect or due, whichever comes first.

Paper 1 SCIENTIFIC PAPER: PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS The scientific paper assignments in this course provide students the opportunity to expand their critical thinking and problem-solving capacities. They encourage scientific inquiry, literature review and scientific communication of molecular mechanisms that support cellular processes in health and disease states. INSTRUCTIONS From the assigned article found in the Learn section of this module, there are several significant issues with the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI). 1. Discuss the symptoms for which PPIs are prescribed and the intended target of these drugs. 2. Next, address an organelle that would also be affected by these drugs. 3. Based on the function of that organelle, do the issues on the website make biological sense? 4. Lastly, propose an alternative approach for a patient with these symptoms that would not require him or her to remain on PPIs long-term. Does your approach address the source of their symptoms? You should employ at least five peer-reviewed scientific sources/literature including review articles in your research on the topic and be sure to use the AMA writing format. There is a two (2)-page length limit on this paper, but it should be detailed, comprehensive, well organized and should have the appropriate language for scientific communication. Paper 2 SCIENTIFIC PAPER: HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENTS ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS OVERVIEW The scientific paper assignments in this course provide students the opportunity to expand their critical thinking and problem-solving capacities. They encourage scientific inquiry, literature review and scientific communication of molecular mechanisms that support cellular processes in health and disease states. INSTRUCTIONS Work from the Brown and Goldstein lab (in the Familial Hypercholesterolemia article in the Learn section) provided insights into cholesterol homeostasis that were used to develop several of the LDL cholesterol-lowering therapies, including statins that remain in use today. However, in some patients, statins were not as effective as expected, suggestive of additional mechanisms regulating the LDL receptor. Investigate other LDL cholesterol-lowering therapies (other than PCSK-9 inhibitors), select 1, and compare the mechanisms of action between the class of drug you select and statins. Include side effects for both types of drugs and information on their efficacy. You should employ at least five peer-reviewed scientific sources/literature including review articles in your research on the topic and be sure to use the AMA writing format. There is a two (2)-page length limit on this paper, but it should be detailed, comprehensive, well organized and should have the appropriate language for scientific communication.

Make a 8 minutes PowerPoint The topic must be relevant to microbiology The slides must use at least one figure or table in the primary science article (own hypothesis, methods and results). Reference needs to cite article and indicate which figures or tables were shown in the presentation. Include a reference page and a question to ask the class make it look like jeapardy

here are 4 essay questions. Please be sure to complete all of them individually, numbered 1 -4. Complete all with thorough, substantive responses APA Format , One paragraph for each question . A reference is required for all answers individually associated with each answer, for a total of four. Inline citations are not necessary. Using numerous inline citations instead of providing answers in your own words does not demonstrate critical thinking when you copy and paste most of the answer, even if you give the author credit. Construct a paragraph describing the interrelationship among the microbial pathogen, the affected host, and potential antimicrobial drugs in the development of an appropriate chemotherapeutic treatment. A critically ill patient enters your emergency room, exhibiting signs and symptoms of severe septic shock. In this case, should you immediately begin treatment with a broad-spectrum drug or a narrow-spectrum drug? Explain your answer and discuss any possible consequences of using either drug in the patient. Amphotericin B is often referred to as “Amphi-Terrible” in medical settings due to its effects in treated patients. Describe when this drug should be prescribed, and provide a biological reason for its damaging activity on host cells. HAART, or highly active antiretroviral therapy, is currently recommended for the treatment of HIV and involves the administration of three or more medicines at one time. Explain why this combined therapy approach is more effective than single drug treatment in the management of HIV infection, providing current evidence to support your answer. Antibiotic-resistance genes, as well as other virulence factor genes, are easily passed between bacterial cells through horizontal gene transfer. Conduct additional research on New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 strains of bacteria, and explain why medical tourism poses a serious threat to the spread of this organism. Provide evidence to support your explanation.

You will need to submit a short summary (between 150 - 300 words) discussing ecological footprint and presenting the following results Talk about things I could do differently such as walking to places rather than driving because gasoline is bad etc:( I will include screenshots of my results) Please include: 1) Your overshoot day 2) How many Earths would be required if everyone had the same lifestyle as yours. 3) Your ecological footprint 4) Your carbon footprint (%)

Select an article and read the article thoroughly State the publication information including article title, publication date, and author’s name. If possible, include a web link to the article. Summarize the article’s main point and the author’s point of view. Summarize the evidence provided. Compare the article’s points to ecological principles. 

Watch the video  "Fun Facts about the Redwoods". Type, print and turn in paper on 5/9/2024. Assignment should include a brief synopsis of the video , followed by a discussion on how to apply the knowledge to the video to the material covered in class for Dry Land Plants

Title Page: Case Title, Full Name, Section, Date, Instructor, and Campus Abstract: Summarize the case o One non-indented paragraph on a separate page. This will be page 2. Introduction: The physiological importance of the liver, pancreas, and kidneys for the proper functioning of the human body Body: Response to the prompts: Organize your analysis with headings that thoroughly answer the prompts (e.g., “Abnormal Glucose Levels” for question 1). Explain each prompt in depth with physiological concepts and provide sufficient evidence from the literature for each prompt. o Include normal physiological ranges (if it applies). Maintain the order of questions when answering. Conclusion: Summarize the paper in a paragraph. Support your opinions with evidence from your readings and research. Review the rubric for complete grading criteria. Case: End-Stage Kidney Disease Cynthia, a 53-year-old female presented to the emergency room due to feeling constantly tired, hungry, thirsty, and with frequent urination. Her past medical history is significant for cirrhosis and end-stage kidney disease. Physical examination had revealed yellowish discoloration to the skin, multiple bruises, bilateral edema, and weakness lasting more than three weeks. Laboratory tests were ordered (results provided below) after which she was prescribed metformin and informed to contact a doctor if she starts experiencing nausea, vomiting, fast breathing, and/or lethargy, as metformin has been known to cause metabolic acidosis. Complete Blood Count (CBC)Sodium126 mEq/LGlucose220 mmol/LCalcium7.1 mg/dlRed blood cell count3.9 cells/ulIron40  mcg/dLAlbumin2.5 g/dlVitalsBlood pressure92/64 mmHgHormone PanelReninLowADHElevatedAldosteroneLowVitaminsVit DLowVit KLowVit ELowVit ALowUrine and Stool SampleStool colorGrayStool contentIncrease fat contentUrine colorClearComplete Blood Count (CBC)GlucosePresent Answer the following questions regarding Cynthia’s case: What hormone is not functioning properly causing Cynthia’s glucose levels to be abnormal? Furthermore, explain in depth how this hormone regulates blood glucose levels. What other hormone(s) are responsible for maintaining normal glucose levels? Explain in depth how they work. Explain why Cynthia is presenting with excessive thirst (polydipsia), tiredness and hunger (polyphagia), and frequent urination (polyuria). Explain why Cynthia is experiencing hypotension. How does the body and its various organ systems bring the blood pressure back towards homeostasis? What do you expect Cynthia’s heart rate and end-diastolic volume (EDV) to be (elevated, normal, or low) and justify your expectation with cardiovascular formulas such as cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV). What is the importance of iron in the body and the consequence of it being 40 mcg/dL? Explain in detail what gluconeogenesis is and where in the body it occurs? Knowing that gluconeogenesis helps maintain blood glucose level, what is the effect of metformin on the management of diabetes mellitus type 2? Looking at Cynthia’s albumin levels, what effect does it have on her (a) blood osmolarity (b) glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and (c) urine volume? Explain how glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys? What is happening in Cynthia’s kidneys resulting in glucosuria and what effect does glucosuria have on her blood pressure? If Cynthia ends up developing metabolic acidosis, what would the levels of her pH, CO2, and HCO3 be in the blood? Furthermore, how would the body compensate and address both renal and respiratory compensation (optional: show the compensation via a flow chart)? 

To apply fundamental biological concepts to a practical scenario. To address the limitations of life on Earth as they apply to an alien planet. To coordinate the inter-relatedness of cellular functions to achieve the desired outcome

PowerPoint Presentation Requirements:I choose Respiratory System as my topic to cover below is the requirements but the attached file is a outline I made that will make it easier, i will also need a separate paper that will help me know what to say because i will need to do a video presentation, to have a transcirpit for each slide.  Create and record a presentation on a physiology topic using Panopto or a similar recording software. You will record both yourself and your PowerPoint presentation at the same time, which can be done with Panopto. The video must capture your face and the presentation. Present the physiology of your topic. Physiology should be explained in depth, step by step, and be organized. The topic should be explained and not read off notes for the PowerPoint slide. You will be expected to refer to and explain the images, animations, terms, and key points on your slides. Include clear, well-sized, unlabeled images (Choose images without labels, or remove the labels). You will be expected to explain the physiology of the images in your own words. Utilize animations to explain the physiology conent. Include key points and terms (use bullets, not paragraphs). Your slides should be creative and visually appealing.