Description This week, this Final Project Development is also tough (but!!! Once you get through this the Lit Review section is pretty much done, woohoo!)! This will be your first draft of (basically the second half) of the Literature Review Section of your Final Paper. Therefore, I will be grading this according to the rubric that I will use to grade the Final Paper. M5 Final Project Development = A synthesis of how M4 and M5 Material Discussion content pertain to your topic/place I will provide a breakdown of the points earned and details about how to revise for full points. These assignments may be resubmitted for full points. Continue the literature review you completed for week 4, and put together another paragraph using the concepts from weeks 4 and 5 in relation to your topic and place. This discussion post should look like a literature review section and include, at a minimum: Content from at least one of the annotations you wrote for 4 and 5. (Absolutely use what you've already written in other discussion posts to make this easier to put this together! Think of each material post as an annotation you can incorporate into this post/your final project). You should add at least 2 academic sources of your own (you may find your own, or you can draw from sources I've linked as optional). This should be accomplished in a few paragraphs, including in-text citations, and a list of references. You may use the reference style of your choice M4 MATERIAL DISCUSSION Seth Holmes reveals how the modern food system is dependent on human misery in his book Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States. He investigates the experiences of the Triqui, an indigenous Mexican population that harvests crops in Washington and California, through participant observation. Among the most recent groups to regularly migrate across international borders between Mexico and the United States is the Triqui people. They undergo the violence of migration in order to survive; they do not voluntarily migrate. "My Triqui companions often explain their everyday lives in terms of sufrimiento (suffering). But one of the sites of sufrimiento most frequently described by Triqui migrants is crossing the border from Mexico into the United States" (Holmes, 2013). In Holmes' book, the focus of the controversy around so-called healthy food is shifted from the options available to consumers to the lack of options for people who work in agriculture in Washington and California. He highlights how social injustice is normalized by racist labor hierarchies. "The reproduction of a system of migrant labor hinges on the inability of the migrants, as individuals or as a group, to influence the institutions that subordinate them to the other fractions of the labor force and to the employer" (Holmes, 2013). Holmes, Seth. Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States, University of California Press, 2013. The unofficial history of how the "free market" came to rule the world is told in Naomi Klein's book The Shock Doctrine. The narrative revolves around acts of violence and shock inflicted upon individuals, nations, and economies.Klein debunks the myths that unrestricted capitalism and democracy go hand in hand, and that democracy and the global free market are mutually exclusive. The book tracks the implementation of these concepts through modern history, tracing the "shock doctrine's" beginnings back fifty years to the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman. "One was Milton Friedman’s capitalist “shock treatment,” a technique in which hundreds of Latin American economists had by now been trained at the University of Chicago and its various franchise institutions" (Klein, 2007). It also provides a detailed account of how the neo-liberal agenda has been pushed through in numerous countries in the wake of shocks. Klein, N. (2007). The shock doctrine. Penguin Books. Both writers are believable in the sense that Naomi Klein, a Canadian writer and activist, rose to prominence in the anti-globalization movement with her first book, No Logo (2000). In addition, Seth Holmes holds the position of Chancellor's Professor at the University of California Berkeley in the fields of medical anthropology, environmental science, and policy and management. M5 MATERIAL DISCUSSION ### Annotation 1: **Source:** Neumann, R. P. (1998). "Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa." University of California Press. **Context:** Published in 1998, Neumann's work delves into the historical relationship between colonialism, national parks, and the concept of "pristine wilderness" in Africa. **Key Concepts:** Neumann critically examines the construction of "pristine wilderness" by colonial powers as a tool for excluding indigenous communities from their lands and resources in the name of nature preservation. He highlights the power dynamics and conflicts that arise from the imposition of Western conservation ideals on local livelihoods and ecosystems. **Reflection:** Neumann's work offers valuable insights into the socio-political dimensions of conservation practices, shedding light on the complexities of power, knowledge, and environmental governance. His positionality as a scholar in environmental anthropology may influence his perspective, but his thorough analysis and historical research enhance the credibility of his arguments. This source provides a critical lens through which to analyze the historical roots of conservation policies and their impacts on marginalized communities, enriching the understanding of environmental stewardship. Reference:Neumann, R. P. (1998). Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa. University of California Press. --- ### Annotation 2: **Source:** Lorimer, J., & Driessen, C. (2014). "Wilderness as a place of ruinous freedom: Advantages and ambiguities of wild nature." Geoforum, 56, 236-248. **Context:** Published in 2014 in the academic journal Geoforum, Lorimer and Driessen's article explores the concept of wilderness as a complex and contested space, discussing its implications for conservation discourse and environmental practices. **Key Concepts:** The authors challenge the romanticized notion of wilderness as a pristine and untouched space, highlighting its dual nature of freedom and destruction. They argue that wilderness embodies both opportunities for biodiversity conservation and ecological chaos, emphasizing the need to critically engage with the complexities of wild nature in conservation efforts. **Reflection:** Lorimer and Driessen's nuanced exploration of wilderness complicates traditional conservation narratives, prompting reflection on the dichotomies of preservation and intervention in nature. Their interdisciplinary approach and critical analysis contribute to the credibility of their arguments, inviting readers to reconsider the idealized representations of wilderness and confront the ambiguities inherent in conservation practices. This source enriches the discussion on environmental stewardship by challenging preconceived notions of wilderness and advocating for a more nuanced and inclusive approach to conservation.
READ MORE >>
