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Description Answer two of the following questions in 2 separate essays. Each essay should be 1-2 pages (2-4 pages total). Your final exam will be posted to Moodle in a single PDF, double-spaced, 12-point font, 1-inch margins. 1)Explain Gilligan’s interpretation of Kohlberg’s study of moral development in children and how that interpretation is consistent with care ethics. An ideal answer to this question should (1) explain Kohlberg’s research, (2) explain Gilligan’s reinterpretation of that study, and (3) explain what care ethics is and how it is consistent with Gilligan’s interpretation of Kohlberg’s research. 2)Explain Nozick’s procedural account of distributive justice and why he thinks it is superior to patterned theories of justice. An ideal answer to this question should (1) explain the three procedural rules Nozick cites as sufficient for distributive justice, (2) explain the difference between his account and a patterned account of distributive justice, (3) explain the Wilt Chamberlain example and how that supports Nozick’s account over patterned accounts.

Description Analyze This (DISCUSSION) Shelley Dedman 55 unread replies.66 replies. FOR THIS DISCUSSION BOARD, EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING ARGUMENT: Animals are not our friends, they are our food. This is because animals are not as intelligent as humans are, and thus don't deserve the rights that humans have. My uncle, an electrician, told me that in order to be optimally healthy, I should eat at least 1-2 chickens a day. I think that if a cow had the chance to eat a person, it would, so why feel bad if you eat a hamburger? Human beings are at the top of the food chain, and because of this, we should do what we please to other animals. Lastly, my friend is vegan and she listens to Taylor Swift. Taylor Swift is the worst. YOUR POST! In 2-3 paragraphs: What are the premises? How do you know? What is the main conclusion? How do you know? Then, use the 5 Criteria for Evaluating Arguments to further assess the argument.

Description Doesn't need to be long answers. refer to my notes as they have the main topics. (1) Briefly discuss 'Ash'ari view on the following concepts: (a) The nature of good/evil; (b) The Theory of Kasb; (c) The state of the grave sinner; (d) Their response to the "problem" of evil; (e) Metaphysical and temporal atomism. (2) Discuss Ghazali's view on the following questions: (a) What is the nature of moral obligation? Explain it. (b) Is God subject to moral obligation. Explain it.

Description In this final written assignment, Case Study: Ethical Theory Application and Evaluation, you will create your own case study based on an ethical issue or social problem in your local community (neighborhood, town city, school district, religious community, local politics, water safety, housing issues, etc.), an ethical issue in your current job, or an ethical issue in your field of study. This final written assignment should be an essay and include the following sections with headings in bold font: Part 1: Introduction, Case Study, and Ethical Question In this section, you will create the case study. To complete this section, Present a brief introduction to the case study. Discuss background information. Identify the central moral controversy at stake in the case study. Articulate an ethical question based on the central moral controversy. This section should be around 300 words. Part 2: Philosophy Reading Reflection In Sections 4 and 5 you will use two ethical theories to analyze your case study. In this section, you will choose a philosophical text associated with one of the ethical theories you will be using in Section 4 or 5. The philosophical text can be the same one you used in the Week 3 written assignment, or you can choose a new text. Copy and paste the text into this section. After applying the metacognitive strategies on reading philosophical texts from Week 1, Examine the meaning of the text. Discuss how your understanding of the text evolved after multiple reads. Explain how the text might apply to the case study. This section should be around 150 words (excluding the philosophical text). Part 3: Explanation of First Ethical Theory In this section, choose either utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics. This will be the primary or first ethical theory you will use to consider the case study. You can choose the same ethical theory you used in the Week 3 written assignment or choose a different ethical theory. To complete this section, Discuss the historical background of the ethical theory and the philosopher primarily associated with it. Articulate the core principle(s) of the ethical theory. Demonstrate how the principle(s) applies to an ethical question different than the ethical question in your case study. This section should be around 250 words. Part 4: Application of First Ethical Theory In this section, you will apply the principle(s) of the ethical theory to the case study. To complete this section, Clarify the central moral controversy at stake in the ethical question. Analyze the core principle of the ethical theory. Explain how someone using the core principles of the ethical theory would answer the ethical question addressed by your case. This section should be around 350 words. Part 5: Explanation and Application of Second Ethical Theory In this section, you will choose a second ethical theory and apply it to the case study. The explanation and application here will be briefer than the first ethical theory. To complete this section, Discuss the core principle of the ethical theory. Explain how someone using the core principles of the ethical theory would analyze the case study and answer the ethical question. This section should be around 150 or 200 words. Part 6: Evaluation of First Ethical Theory Application In this section, you will evaluate the results of applying the ethical theory to the case study. The idea here is to assess the success (or failure) of the theory in providing an adequate or actionable solution to the central moral controversy in the case study. To complete this section, Discuss the answer to the ethical question provided by applying the first ethical theory. Compare the answer to the ethical question provided by applying the first ethical theory to the second ethical theory’s application. Explain which ethical theory you think offers the strongest resolution to the ethical issue. Evaluate the strength of the application by considering one or more of the following questions: Does applying the theory present an adequate response to the issue, or are there significant aspects of the issue the theory does not address? Does the application differ from how the issue is currently being addressed? Does the application present a better approach to how the issue is currently being addressed? Does applying the theory to the issue raise other problems or concerns? This section should be between 300 and 350 words. Part 7: Conclusion In this section, you will describe what you have accomplished in the paper. To complete this section, Summarize the analyses and conclusions of applying the first and second ethical theories to your case study. Evaluate the results of applying the theory Did it offer an adequate solution to the issue? What is the greatest strength or weakness of the theory when applied to the issue? Provide any additional recommendations you think might help address the central moral controversy in the case study. This section should be around 150 words. The Case Study: Ethical Theory Application and Evaluation final paper Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA StyleLinks to an external site. as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA Formatting for Microsoft WordLinks to an external site. resource. Must include a separate title page with the following in title case: title of paper in bold font Space should appear between the title and the rest of the information on the title page. student’s name name of institution (The University of Arizona Global Campus) course name and number instructor’s name due date Must utilize academic voice. See the Academic VoiceLinks to an external site. resource for additional guidance. Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph. Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper. For assistance on writing Introductions & ConclusionsLinks to an external site. and Writing a Thesis StatementLinks to an external site., refer to the Writing Center resources. Must use at least four resources: three scholarly resources and one resource which provides information for the case study. The Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible SourcesLinks to an external site. table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source. To assist you in completing the research required for this assignment, view this Quick and Easy Library ResearchLinks to an external site. tutorial, which introduces the University of Arizona Global Campus Library and the research process, and provides some library search tips. Must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your PaperLinks to an external site. guide.

Description For information about the initial assignment, visit - http://www.jimpryor.net/teaching/courses/intro2024... All information needed should be there. or your introduction, something I would do to make your paper stronger in your introduction paragraph is to introduce the prompt. I know for the last paper it was instructed to introduce the paper prompt. This would also help with your transition into your second paragraph because your paper goes from a wide statement on philosophy and what your paper seeks to do but then immediately jumps into proclaiming Beatrice's non-guilty but the reader still does not know who Beatrice is. Yes, you introduce her later but it would structurally make more sense to be included before stating Beatrice’s guilt. Also throughout your paper, you reference free will and determinism or describe them but you never take a stance on the matter. You only really even reference certain types of thought, like incompatibilism, with Griselda, and while you did state if you think Beatrice is guilty or less responsible I still do not know why you think that. I also remember during a class that Felix said for this prompt try to provide other argument viewpoints and counter them. I also recommend trying to reorganize your conclusion paragraph as they generally should follow of model of going from the narrow essay topic to the broader topic as a whole. I feel like you already address all aspects you need to in it but I just think reorganization would improve its clarity. Also, I recommend trying to make your intro and conclusion paragraphs less wordy and try to be more simple in both. Good luck with your essay and the rest of your finals! Charles Jones , Apr 21 at 8:52pm First and foremost, a major critique that I have about the paper is that it does not seem to talk about how any of the free will theories would address the problem between Beatrice and Griselda. It instead seems as though you focus more on factors that are not related to any of the theories. To start at the top and make my way down, the introductory paragraph does not really seem to address the prompt at all and instead focuses on free will and moral responsibility. These concepts are important, but the thesis needs to give your side as to who should bear more responsibility between Beatrice and Griselda. Next, you outlined the reasons why Beatrice is not responsible, but they all seem to focus on the nature of what a brain tumor would do to a person, rather than focusing on the situation in a philosophical context. For example, it is important to highlight what advocates for different philosophical ideologies would say about the situation instead of simply saying that the brain tumor would mess with Beatrice’s thought process. This same issue follows in the next paragraph. You discussed the impacts of external factors and moral liability, which is good, but you then make the paragraph more about the legal system than anything else. In that same paragraph, you also talk about how the tumor causes her to “obtain joy from activities that are highly condemned,” which seems fairly irrelevant to the discussion because they aren’t backed up by talking about one of the philosophical ideologies. In the next paragraph, I love the point you make about Beatrice’s constraints preventing her from attaining free will, but then you veered off and talked about why convicting Beatrice would actually be problematic, which once again seems irrelevant to the topic. I think your paper could also be boosted by explaining some terms that may be unfamiliar to some people. For example, you talked about free will and determinism but did not explain what either of them are. I like your analyses between Beatrice and Griselda about how Griselda acted out of an ignorance to moral responsibility, while Beatrice physically could not take that into account. Once again, describing guidance control is very unique and expresses extended knowledge, but it does not further your argument by standards of a philosophical paper. I am also sort of confused with the structure. It seems to be going back and forth between explaining Beatrice’s side and Griselda’s side, but does not follow any linear path when doing so. You explained why Griselda appeared to be more guilty at the bottom when that really could have been used to contextualize your argument at the top. Overall, I don’t think you clearly expressed you understood the material because you talked about other, non-philosophical factors for the most part. Also, I think the structure could improve, which would make your argument seem more clear. Lastly, this was a great analysis of the situation and I believe your argumentation was spot on. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between free will and moral responsibility, focusing primarily on the case study of Beatrice, who exhibits violent behavior due to a brain tumor, and comparing her situation to that of Griselda, who displays similar behaviors without the influence of a medical condition. It begins by acknowledging the longstanding philosophical debate surrounding the ethical foundations of human actions and agency, setting the stage for a discussion on the tension between individual autonomy and external influences. The analysis delves into Beatrice's case, arguing that her diminished moral responsibility stems from her lack of control over her actions due to the tumor, which has altered her cognitive functions and emotional regulation. Drawing on ethical theories and concepts, the paper contends that Beatrice cannot be held fully responsible for her actions, as she cannot exercise free will and make rational decisions. By contrasting Beatrice's situation with Griselda's, who is portrayed as acting out of choice rather than external compulsion, the paper highlights the role of free will in moral agency. While the paper effectively addresses opposing viewpoints and cites relevant literature to support its arguments, it could benefit from clearer signposting of the argument structure and deeper exploration of the ethical implications of cases like Beatrice's for societal justice and individual autonomy. Overall, the paper contributes to the ongoing philosophical discourse on the interplay between free will and moral responsibility, offering insights into the complexities of ethical reasoning and human behavior. Noah Heacox , Apr 22 at 9:06pm We should assume that the reader is educated but uninformed. With this being the case, I believe that your introduction should introduce the reader to the scenario presented in the essay prompt (even if only tangentially). In the paragraph "Reasons why Beatrice is not responsible for her actions" you do accomplish this for one of the characters, but it is only done after you state that she is not responsible for her actions. I believe it would be far better for an uninformed reader to first learn about the hypothetical scenario, and then be informed of your argument stating that she is not responsible. Kenneth Grant , Apr 23 at 8:56pm In the "Reasons why Beatrice is less responsible than Griselda" you introduce the concept of "Incompatibilism." This necessitates an understanding of Determinism and Free Will. Since we shouldn't assume the readers knowledge of these concepts, I believe that following the use of these terms you should provide a description/definition of them. Kenneth Grant , Apr 23 at 9:08pm In the 1st paragraph on the 6th page I believe a "was" should be added in the following sentence, "She had the opportunity to be kind but [was] cruel and selfish instead." Kenneth Grant , Apr 23 at 9:13pm In your paper you use the incompatibilist view to argue that Beatrice is less responsible for her crimes than Griselda. You state that the tumor had a "deterministic influence" on her to behave the way that she did, and this diminished her responsibility. But couldn't you also use the incompatibilist view to argue that Griselda also didn't have responsibility over her actions. This is because according to incompatibilism you have no free will, and everything can only follow one path. This then follows that Griselda doesn't have responsibility for her actions because factors outside of her control (ex. parents, genetics, environment, past, etc.) established that she would commit the crime. I believe that you should address this point as a counter argument. Kenneth Grant , Apr 23 at 9:23pm

Description This week we'll finish Chapter 5 and start Chapter 6. The last part of Ch. 5 touches on some interesting questions concerning the goals of science, while Ch. 6 shows how invariance relation can be used to handle many puzzles in contemporary causal theories, especially Lewis's popular account of causation.  In your discussions, please address the following questions:  Woodward makes a very interesting point that sciences don't just aim at truth -- but rather they aim at a particular kind of truth. What is it? Do you agree with him? In Chapter 6, Woodward reviewed Lewis's counterfactual theory again and claimed that many puzzles to Lewis's theory can be explained by the features (strength) of invariance relation. Lewis's notion of sensitivity is interpreted as a violation of background invariance, and his puzzles (such as the rec-letter example) can be readily explained in terms of background invariance (or violation of it). Please explain a bit more on what Woodward tried to accomplish here, maybe with some of your favorite examples (not limited to the one mentioned above); Do you agree with his analyses and interpretations? 

Description Touchstone 3: Presenting a Research Plan SCENARIO: Your supervisor has approved your research question and plan for studying some aspect of diversity and/or collaboration in a community group. Now it is time to conduct your literature review and develop your hypothesis and research plan. ASSIGNMENT: In Touchstone 1, you developed a research question and prepared a preliminary bibliography for your literature review. You will now conduct your literature review, formulate your hypothesis and research plan, and develop a set of notecards that summarize your work. HINT You must incorporate the same community group and research question from Touchstone 1 as you complete the requirements for this Touchstone 3. REQUIREMENTS: You must create 8-11 notecards using the touchstone template below. Your notecards will include: introduction card research question card literature review (4–6 cards) hypothesis card operational definitions card (if needed) research method card Use the following Touchstone 3 template to create your note cards. When you have finished, submit this template. Touchstone 3 Template Touchstone 3 Sample Before you get started, let’s look at how you’ll build your notecards, step by step. In order to foster learning and growth, all work you submit must be newly written specifically for this course. Any plagiarized or recycled work will result in a Plagiarism Detected alert. Review Touchstones: Academic Integrity Guidelines for more about plagiarism and the Plagiarism Detected alert. For guidance on the use of generative AI technology, review Ethical Standards and Appropriate Use of AI. A. Directions STEP 1: REVISE TOUCHSTONE 1 First, return to the community group description, research question, and proposed bibliography that you submitted in Touchstone 1, and make any necessary changes based on feedback from the grader. You will likely want to refine your reading list based on the feedback you received and what you learned about diversity and collaboration in Unit 3. STEP 2: CONDUCT A LITERATURE REVIEW Next, complete your reading for your literature review. Reminder of attributes of good readings for your literature review: They are academic, scholarly works about research findings or they are reliable journalistic reporting based on scientifically credible and reliable data. They should have been published in the last 10 years—unless they are a landmark work on the topic and provide important background or as a comparison. They look at different sides of the argument and a variety of perspectives. As you complete each reading, take notes. Some of the questions you could ask about each reading include: Who wrote this article? Is it the researchers themselves, or is it a journalist writing about their findings? Where was it published? Is it a scholarly publication like an academic journal, or is it for a popular audience? If the publication is for a popular audience, how would you characterize the audience? Do they have an academic affiliation? Are the researchers sociologists, or are they of a different discipline? When was the research conducted? What question were the researchers attempting to answer? How does this question/topic relate to my question/topic? What methods did they use to study their question? What conclusions did they draw from their results? How do their conclusions impact my research question, hypothesis, or research plan? As you did for your first Touchstone, you will include five key elements for each source, with each element separated by a period: Author’s name(s) Publisher and publication date Title of the source, in quotation marks Page numbers (if applicable) Source's location for web-based texts (URL) EXAMPLE Alireza Behtoui. Journal of Sociology, 2015. "Beyond social ties: The impact of social capital on labour market outcomes for young Swedish people." p. 711-724. journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1440783315581217 STEP 3: FORMULATE A HYPOTHESIS, STATE YOUR OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS, AND CHOOSE A RESEARCH METHOD Hypothesis Now, formulate a hypothesis for your research question and choose a sociological research method appropriate for testing your hypothesis. While you won’t be conducting the research, you will write up a description of how you plan to conduct your research. (HINT: Refer back to Lesson 1.3.5: Formulating a Hypothesis, Lesson 1.3.6: Collecting Data: Quantitative Approaches , and Lesson 1.3.6: Collecting Data: Quantitative Approaches for help.) A formal hypothesis states the relationship between two variables—one is independent (IV) and one is dependent (DV). It must also be formatted as an If/Then statement, for instance: If people eat chocolate (IV), then they will get pimples (DV). If people go to the gym (IV), then they will be fit (DV). Operational Definitions Next, state your operational definition. Operational definitions identify important concepts related to the research. For example, If your community organization includes students, are they K-12? College? Medical? Or are students defined as: young adults between the ages of 18-21 who are attending a particular college or university? Research Method Then, choose a research method. Deciding on a research method will also take some thought and planning: Will you use qualitative or quantitative research or a combination? How will you engage subjects or find your data? What kinds of tools and assessments will be used to gather the data? STEP 4: PREPARE YOUR NOTECARDS Finally, incorporate Steps 1-4 to prepare a set of notecards for your proposed research study. Use the template provided to create 8-11 notecards that present the work you completed in Steps 1-4. Notecard Component Introduction Your introduction notecard should introduce your audience to the community group being studied. Research question Your second notecard will state your research question. Literature Review (4-6 cards) Now that you’ve introduced your community group and research question, it’s time to add information to your literature review notecards. Each source should have one notecard. The notecard should describe the information and analysis you performed in Step 2. Hypothesis Your hypothesis notecard should describe your hypothesis. Operational definitions Your operational definitions notecard should include and explain any operational definitions you developed for your study. You may skip this card if you have none. Research method Your research method notecard should introduce your proposed research method and explain how you propose to conduct your research. Refer to the checklist below throughout the writing process. Do not submit your Touchstone until it meets these guidelines. 1. Literature Review: Sources and Feedback ? Have you provided 4-6 sources appropriate for a sociological literature review? ? Have you addressed all feedback on the Unit 1 Touchstone bibliography? 2. Literature Review: Description and Analysis ? Have you thoroughly and accurately described your sources and identified relevance to the research topic? ? Did you properly format these sources and include the five key elements for each source, with each element separated by a period: Author’s name(s) Publisher and publication date Title of the source, in quotation marks Page numbers (if applicable) Source's location for web-based texts (URL) 3. Hypothesis and Operational Definitions ? Is your hypothesis well-aligned to the research question? ? Is your hypothesis testable and predicts outcomes between two or more identified variables? ? Are all concepts needing operational definitions identified and definitions are provided? 4. Research Method ? Did you select and explain a qualitative or quantitative research method that is suitable to the research question? ? Did you identify specific instruments? 5. Conventions ? Have you proofread your essay for grammatical and mechanical errors? ? Have you used spell check or another method to check spelling? 6. Before You Submit ? Have you included your name and date at the top left of the page?

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Answer the following questions can be found in Chapter 3 1. What is the relationship between property rights, corruption, and economic progress? How important are anticorruption efforts in the effort to improve a country’s level of economic development? 2.  You are a senior manager at a U.S. automobile company considering investing in production facilities in China, Russia, or Germany. These facilities will serve local market demand. Evaluate the benefits, costs, and risks associated with doing business in each nation. Which country seems the most attractive target for foreign direct investment? Why? Write a 1-2 page response/answer (Times New Roman; 12-pt font; double space) to the question below. Please use proper grammar skills, including APA style. This essay focuses on material from the question below and information provided in Chapter #4. Question: What is the relationship between political economy and economic progress? This question has been the subject of a vigorous debate among academics and policymakers for some time.  Write a critical analysis (aka Annotative Bibliography) on anything related to Chapter #5 - Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Sustainability along with an analysis of the major thesis and a statement about the article that is related to it. You should point out the strengths and weaknesses of both; the methodology; and the philosophy of the resource in the critical analysis. Be sure to focus on the topic/issue of what the assignment asks for. Each critical analysis should be four to five paragraphs of analysis in APA format, 12-pt font, Times New Roman or Verdana font, double-spaced. Please be sure to submit the article or a working url link when you submit it for grading (Please be sure to see example below). Be sure to read over the Annotative Bibliography Information.doc. Write a critical analysis (aka Annotative Bibliography) on anything related to Chapter #6 - International Trade Theory along with an analysis of the major thesis and a statement about the article that is related to it. You should point out the strengths and weaknesses of both; the methodology; and the philosophy of the resource in the critical analysis. Be sure to focus on the topic/issue of what the assignment asks for. Each critical analysis should be four to five paragraphs of analysis in APA format, 12-pt font, Times New Roman or Verdana font, double-spaced. Please be sure to submit the article or a working url link when you submit it for grading (Please be sure to see example below). Be sure to read over the Annotative Bibliography Information.doc. Question: What are the strengths of the eclectic theory of FDI? Can you see any shortcomings? How does the eclectic theory influence management practice?

Question: Comparing Tax Brackets in Canada and Scandinavia how it can be learnt from them You should have a research question. Examples: What is the best solution for carbon pollution reduction in Canada? How do the self-government agreements for First Nations in the Yukon work? This question should be the start of your paper. ? Your paper should include a minimum of 4-5 external sources. You can cite the textbook, however, that is considered an internal source. Ensure you cite properly! If you need assistance please contact the instructor. Here is a website that will be of use: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/ ? Your paper should be approximately 4 pages. No more than 6 pages. ? The structure will depend on the topic. You should have an introduction and a conclusion. Use subject headings