In Fig. 33-41, a beam of unpolarized light, with intensity43 W/m , is sent into a system of two polarizing sheets with polarizing directions at angles 01 = 70° and 02 = 90° to they axis. What is the intensity of the light transmitted by the system?
2 Consider a current I = 1 A flowing in the positive y direet ion through a rectan-gular conductor as shown in Figure Q2. The conductor has length L = 4 cm,width a = 1 cm, and height b = 0.1 cm. Suppose that a magnetic field B = Bàpermeates uniformly the conductor, with B = 10 T. Briefly explain why a potential difference AV = V - V, arises at the equilibrium between the left and right sides of the conductor, as shown in the figure. Starting from J = n, q?a and considering the Lorentz force, derive the force acting on the carriers responsible for the current I function of the relevant parameters a, b, I, B and the carrier density ng: Use such result to demonstrate that the carriers responsible for the current in the metal are negatively charged if the potential difference measured between the left and the right facets of the conductor is positive:deltaV = V - V, > 0. To this end, consider that V- V, is positive if the carriers accumulated on the right side have a negative charge. Suppose that the carriers are electrons ( -1.6x 10-19 C) and thatAV = V,- V, = 22 x 10-6 V. Caleulate the carrier density ngmetal, expressed in units of m .%3Din the Hence or otherwise, suppose that the current I is induced by a generator keeping the potential difference between the input and and output facets (sand S) at a constant value DElta Vt/0=0.002 V what is the resistivity p of the conductor
S.6 The plane boundary defined by z = 0 separates air from a block of iron. IfB = 4x – 6? + 82 in air (z > 0), find B, in iron (z < 0), given that u = 5000 H :No surface current is found on the boundary.
3.14 As noted in Section 3.1, the power in a light beam is proportional to the square of its electric field, and the electric field for a beam traveling in an attenuating medium can be given by Eq. (3.8). The attenuation coefficient in that equation determines the loss. On the other hand, we more frequently discuss the loss in terms of decibels per kilometer.Show that the power change in dB/km and the attenuation coefficient a are related b yy = -8.685a, where a is given in the units km.
Academic Honesty Pledge I understand that students are expected to refrain from all forms of academic dishonesty as defined in the college policies and as explained and defined by college policies and procedures and directions from teachers or other college personnel. By signing this cover page I am confirming that the work presented here, including all the figures, tables, calculations, data and text, is mine and mine only. I hereby state that all work submitted in this report is mine and solely mine. Signature: Note: Only reports that include a signed cover sheet will be graded. 1 2 3 Objective of Evaluation Report presentation (must be typed) Observation and Analysis (Part I) Observation and Analysis (Part II) Total HCT PHY1203 PHYSICS II LAB 1 202210 Max. marks 5 65 30 100 Marks obtained 1 Objective: To determine the specific heat of a solid body. Background The specific heat of a substance is the quantity of heat necessary to raise a unit mass of the substance by a unit temperature difference. When a heat interchange takes place between two bodies initially at different temperatures, the quantity of heat lost by the hot body is equal to that gained by the cold body, and some intermediate equilibrium temperature is finally reached. This is true provided no heat is gained from or lost to the surroundings. In this case, we can apply the principle of conservation of energy. Heat lost by hot body = Heat gained by cold body Experimental setup and theory In this experiment, a solid sample of known mass (ml) is heated to a certain temperature near the boiling point of water (Ts). It is then quickly transferred to a calorimeter of known mass (mcal), which contains cold water of known temperature (Tw) and mass (mw). It should be assumed that temperature of calorimeter is the same as (Tw). When the solid sample and the calorimeter (including water) come to thermal equilibrium, the final temperature (T;) is noted. It is assumed that the heat loss to the thermometer is negligible and if the heat exchange with the environment is kept small, then the heat lost by the solid sample (-Qsol) is equal to the total heat gained by the calorimeter (Qcal) and the water (Qw). Thus, applying the principle of conservation of energy to our isolated system (the net heat gained by the system is zero): Q=mcAT Qw-Q sol+Qcal=0 W mwcw T-Tw-m sol sol Tsol-Tf+m calcat (T-Tw=0 W f W C sol mwcw Tf-Tw+mcal Ccal Tf-Tw W msol (Tsol-Tr If we ignore the heat gained by the calorimeter, the equation becomes: mw Cw Tf - Tw W C sol m sol T % error= sol Calculate the percentage error in experimental value - accepted value accepted value HCT PHY1203 PHYSICS II LAB 1 202210 × 100 (3) (1) (2) (5) (4) (6) 2 Apparatus: 0 0 0 0 0 000 Calorimeter Stirrer Thermometer Hotplate Metal sample Water Weighing scale Measuring cylinder Figure 1: Simulation of the specific heat capacity Experiment Experiment Step 5 300mL 200mL Run Demonstration 100ml LIQUIDS SOLIDS SOLUTIONS Unknown metal I Procedure and implementation 1. Follow the simulation link given below. Mass (g) Temp (°C) Show specific heat (J/g°C) 0.388 Overview Learning Outcomes Experiment Please choose one: HCT PHY1203 PHYSICS II LAB 1 202210 12.5 100. 20.92°C Run Experiment -600mL 500mL 400mL 300mL 200mL 100mL LIQUIDS Water - H?O SOLIDS SOLUTIONS Mass (g) Temp (°C) XShow specific heat (J/g°C) 4.184 https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_Omedia _chem/chem_sim/calorimetry/Calor.php 2. Click experiment and then run the experiment, as shown below. Chemistry Simulations: Calorimetry Click here 100. 20.0 RUN EXPERIMENT Then click here Show graph view Show microscopic view Replay 3. Then click on the solid and choose unknown metal 1. Also fix the mass of the solid (ms) and the temperature of the solid (Tl) to record in the table 1. This temperature is the initial temperature of the solid (Tsol). 4. Then click next to choose the liquid. Select water and fix the mass of the water (mw). Reset 3 5. Record the fixed initial temperature of the water (Tw) at around 20 °C. 6. Now click 'next' to run the experiment and wait until the system reaches to thermal equilibrium and record this temperature as the final temperature (T?) Observation and Analysis (Part I) (20 marks) Enter your measurements into the following table. Remember to enter the correct units. Mass (…............ ..) Specific Heat c (J/g °C) Initial temperature T (…….........…... ..) Final temperature (............ ..) Metal Water 4.186 Table 1: Data collected with the metal, water and calorimeter. HCT PHY1203 PHYSICS II LAB 1 202210 1) Insert the screen shot of the system when it reaches the thermal equilibrium. marks) (5 2) Using equation (5), (considering only the water and metal), calculate the specific heat of the metal (ignore the heat loss due to calorimetry). You must show sufficient working to score full credit. (10 marks) 4 3) Determine which of the metals listed in the table (in appendix) has been used in this experiment. Give a justification for your choice. (5 marks) 4) Using equation (6), calculate the percentage error between the calculated value (in table 1 above) and the theoretical value of the specific heat of the solid metal used (refer to appendix). (5 marks) 5) Now use the same simulation link above and choose unknown metal 2 to enter your measurements into the following table. Remember to enter the correct units. marks) (20 Mass (…............ ..) Specific Heat c (J/g °C) Initial temperature T (.............….....) Final temperature (…....….... HCT PHY1203 PHYSICS II LAB 1 202210 .) Metal Water 4.186 5
46. (a) Sketch a graph of velocity versus time corresponding to the graph of displacement versus time given in the following figure. (b)Identify the time or times (ta, tb, tc, etc.) at which the instantaneous velocity has the greatest positive value. (c) At which times is it zero? (d) At which times is it negative?
10.1. (a) Show that (10.2.21) follows from (10.2.19) in the limiting case of a two-state atom. (b) Now consider, instead of the two-state model, a nonlinear electron oscillator model in which (3.2.18b) is replaced by d²x dt² +w?x + ax" = - Eo cos wt m in the case of an applied field of frequency w. Find, for n = 2, the solution for the induced dipole moment ex including terms up to second order in the field amplitude Eo. (c) For this nonlinear oscillator model with n = 3, find the solution for the induced dipole moment including terms up to third order in Eo./n(50 points) Consider the nonlinear electron oscillator model x+w²x + ax" = Eo cos wit m where Eo is the field amplitude, w? is the driving laser frequency, wo is the resonance, and n is an integer. This problem is part (b) and (c) of question 10.1 from the textbook. (a) Find, for n = 2, the solution for the induced dipole moment, ex, inluding terms up to second order in the field amplitude Eo. (b) For this nonlinear oscillator model with n = 3, find the solution for the induced dipole moment including terms up to third order in Eo. (c) Sketch (just sketch, don't need to plot) the potentials for n = 2 and n = 3.
Write down the general expression for the expectation value of an operator Ô for aquantum mechanical particle described by a wave function V(x, t). Briefly describe theconnection between operators, wave functions, expectation values and experimental mea-surements.
1 roac S Ily Neutral Solution pH of . It is said to be neutral. • This means that there are as many H* as OH. are neutral. and • Pure . is neither acidic or basic.
A voltaic cell is constructed in which the anode is a Cr²+ | Cr³+ half cell and the cathode is a Fe²+ | Fe³+ half cell. The half-cell compartments are connected by a salt bridge. (Use the lowest possible coefficients. Be sure to specify states such as (aq) or (s). If a box is not needed, leave it blank.) The anode reaction is: + The cathode reaction is: + The net cell reaction is: + In the external circuit, electrons migrate | electrode. In the salt bridge, anions migrate compartment. + the Fe²+ | Fe³+ electrode ( the Cr²+ | Cr³+ compartment ( the Cr²+ | Cr³+ *|Fe3+ the Fe²+
