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Description Part 2 In a second essay use the Case Study: Female Genital Cutting on page 15 of the textbook. Use a different three normative theories to do an analysis of the issue. There should be a concise introduction and conclusion in addition to the body of the text. The essay can be a paragraph per theory. The analysis should be about 2 pages in length total depending on the theories. The normative theories of ethics are: Virtue Ethics Utilitarianism Deontology (Kant) Rights Theory Ethics of Care Egoism Natural Ethics In your conclusion, you may give your opinion which of the methods you believe is the best approach. Please do not make this a 2 page opinion piece but instead a 1.75 page analysis with a .25 page opinion at the end. You will be graded much more heavily on your analysis than your opinion. In addition, please do not use the little space you have to summarize the documentary for me. I've seen it. Use examples specifically and quotes when possible. Each of the normative theories has principles and specific vocabulary which you need to be using when doing an analysis.

Description Unit 2 Test Question Pool Directions: Choose the BEST answer from among the four answer options. 1. According to the cosmology of atomism A) nothing is created out of nothing, nor can something be reduced to nothing. B) compounds of atoms are eternal because the atoms that comprise them are eternal. C) some things are created out of nothing, and some things can be reduced to nothing. D) nothing is created out of nothing, and everything can be reduced to nothing. 2. Death, according to Epicurus, A) is either a dreamless sleep or a journey to another world. B) is deprivation of sensation. C) is a journey to another world D) remains a mystery to us. 3. If the fundamental claims of atomism are true, then A) the cosmos is devoid of spiritual or incorporeal beings. B) the only truly divine things are the eternal, indestructible atoms. C) there is no afterlife. D) All of the above. 4. If “the impious man is not he who denies the gods of the many, but he who attaches to the gods the beliefs of the many,” then A) believers in personal immortality and divine providence are impious. B) believers in atomism are impious, and believers in personal immortality are pious. C) believers in atomism are pious. D) Both A and C 5. According to Epicurus, the human soul is made up of atoms cannot survive the death of the body is the organ of sensation All of the above. 6. According to Epicurus, One ought to pursue wealth, as it can afford us a greater number of short, but intense bodily pleasures Not all pleasures are to be chosen The happy life requires that one pursue only the vain desires No one knows whether death may not be the greatest of evils 7. Which of the following BEST describes the logical connection(s) between atomism and hedonism in Epicurus’ thought? Read each answer option very carefully! A) Atomism denies the existence of incorporeal beings, such as immortal souls. If the human soul—the organ of perception and thought—is made up of atoms which disperse back into nature at life’s end, then death would be nothing more than a dreamless, eternal sleep and not a journey into another, potentially wretched, world. The Epicurean, knowing this, thereby achieves a reassuring calmness of mind, a tranquility of soul. B) According to atomism, the universe is made up exclusively of atoms and void, and there are immortal gods which are highly complex compounds of atoms. These gods direct the course of human events, and reward individuals who avoid overindulgence in sensual pleasures, and punish with infirmity and disease those who do not. C) According to atomism, the universe is made up exclusively of atoms and void, having been created this way by the gods. In order to live a good and happy life, the human being must practice moderation and self-restraint with regard to the bodily pleasures, and concentrate all of his energies on “knowing the truth about god.” Only when he understands that mankind was designed to live according to the universal moral law established by his Maker can he enjoy the tranquility of soul which constitutes the very highest kind of pleasure. D) According to atomism, the universe is made up atoms as well as spiritual beings, and the human being is a combination of body and spiritual soul. The very BEST life will be one dedicated exclusively to caring for our immortal soul so as to be rewarded in the afterlife by the gods. 8. A man brutally murders an innocent victim. According to Epicurus, in what way would this act rightly be considered “evil”? A) Such an act is a direct violation of the divine commandment: “Thou shalt not kill.” B) Such an act is a direct violation of the victim’s unalienable right to life. C) The criminal is doing irreparable harm to his own soul. D) Such an act is evil insofar as it engenders a fear in the mind of the criminal of eventually being caught and punished severely by the civil authorities. 9. Which of the following arguments against vulgar hedonism does Epicurus NOT make? A) Even though every pain is an evil, not all pains are to be avoided. B) Vulgar hedonism undermines traditional morality. C) The pains consequent upon over-indulgence either cancel the pleasures or leave a balance of pain. D) The vulgar hedonist fails to discriminate properly among the various desires and the different pleasures that come from their satisfaction. 10. Each of the following is, according to Epicurus, an essential ingredient to living well EXCEPT: A) Friendship B) Equanimity C) Health D) Wealth Chapter 5 1. Each of the following is an essential feature of law EXCEPT: a. It must be rational. b. It must be made known. c. It aims at the good of certain individuals only. d. It must be made by whoever has care of the community. 2. Law is more concerned with protecting property rights than with making human beings good. T/F 3. Each of the following is a type of law discussed by St. Thomas in our reading EXCEPT: divine law eternal law human law none of the above 4. If a law is not promulgated, then It is not a legitimate law. Everyone has a duty to search for and discover it. It is binding only on those who are able to discover it. None of the above. 5. A law whose effect is to diminish the common good would, according to St. Thomas, be a. Legitimate, so long as it’s made by him who has care of the community. b. An ordinance of reason. c. Legitimate, so long as it’s promulgated. d. Tyrannical. 6. Which of the following statements about the eternal law is correct? It is God’s rule over the cosmos It is identical with God’s essence, and as such cannot be known in itself. It is identical with Divine Reason All of the above 7. Divine law is necessary because a. Of the restricted scope of the human law. b. Of man’s inability to judge other men’s motives and intent. c. Man’s ultimate end is not discoverable by human reason. d. All of the above. 8. Each of the following statements is consistent with St. Thomas’ natural law theory EXCEPT: a. The good is that which is consistent with man’s nature. b. All “lifestyles” are perfectly natural, and hence good. c. The purpose of law is to make men good. d. That which runs contrary to man’s nature is “evil”. 9. Each of the following is a natural human inclination enumerated by Thomas Aquinas EXCEPT: To know the truth about God To procreate To live in society None of the above. 10. According to Thomas Aquinas’ concept of Natural Law, all of the following would be deemed immoral EXCEPT: Suicide Homosexuality Willful ignorance None of the above 11. According to St. Thomas’ Natural Law teaching, i. God is the author of the natural law ii. man-made laws are always grounded in the natural law iii. Nobody can have any understanding of the natural law if they lack access to the Bible and its teachings iv. morality is inseparable from human nature v. Man’s natural inclinations in one society may be completely different in another society vi. killing innocents is wrong only because in the Bible God said “Thou Shalt Not Kill,” i.e., there is no other standard of good and bad that can be known independently of the Bible. vii. Philosophy (the love of wisdom) is natural, and hence good. a. i, ii, iii. b. i, v, vi. c. i, iv, vii. d. iii, vi, vii. 12. Human law a. Is man-made. b. Is the application of natural law c. Is valid only if it aims at the common good d. All of the above Chapter 6 1. According to Hobbes, which two needs drive human action? Personal gain and love of others Personal gain and survival Love of others and survival Love of others and desire for peace 2. Why, according to Hobbes, do human beings enter into a commonwealth? Self-preservation Commodious living Stability All of the above 3. According to Hobbes’ Leviathan, human life without government would be characterized by each of the following EXCEPT: a. no agriculture b. no technology c. no clocks d. all of the above 4. “But though the benefits of this life may be much furthered by mutual help; since yet those may be better attained to by dominion, than by the society of others, I hope no body will doubt, but that men would much more greedily be carried by nature, if all fear were removed, to obtain dominion, than to gain society.” What is Hobbes’ main argument in this passage? a. Most people would prefer to achieve comfortable self-preservation through entering into collaborative associations b. The life of a tyrant is preferable to that of a mere citizen c. The life of a citizen is preferable to that of a greedy tyrant d. Without law and order, life is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.” 5. “Drive safely: the life you save may be your own.” This would be an example of: a. Psychological realism b. Christ’s Golden Rule c. Hobbes’ Golden Rule d. A and B 6. According to Hobbes, government censorship is necessary a. because some opinions might incite people to rebellion b. In order to promote concord c. Because peace, stability, and security are more important than “free speech” rights d. All of the above 7. In Hobbes, “good” and “evil” refer in the State of Nature to: a. Pleasure and pain b. Virtue and vice c. The object of love, the object of aversion d. A and C 8. Each of the following is a characteristic of the state of nature EXCEPT: a. It is a war of every man against every man b. Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short c. There are abundant resources available for human consumption d. There are no property rights 9. For Hobbes, the greatest good and the greatest evil, respectively, for a human being are: a. Glory and disgrace b. Comfortable self-preservation and violent death c. Salvation of one’s soul and eternal damnation d. Virtue and vice 10. St. Thomas Aquinas and Thomas Hobbes would agree on which of the following? a. Commodious living is the highest object of human aspiration b. Man is by nature a political animal c. Do unto others as you would have others do unto you d. None of the above 11. Each of the following is true about Hobbes’ social contract theory EXCEPT: a. It is the most viable means of escaping the horrors of the state of nature b. It stipulates that one must be willing to sacrifice one’s life on behalf of the commonwealth c. It forbids private men the freedom to be the judge of good and evil actions. d. It exists for the sake of preventing men from harming one another and being harmed by one another 12. Which of the following BEST captures the difference between Hobbes’ Law of nature and St. Thomas Aquinas’ Natural law? a. The former induces you to treat others as you would want to be treated, whereas the latter induces you not to treat others as you would not want to be treated b. The former seeks the good of the body only, whereas the latter seeks the good of both body and soul c. The former promotes charity and self-sacrifice, whereas the latter promotes hedonism d. The former sees justice ultimately as the product of divine legislation, whereas the latter sees justice strictly as a product of human legislation

Description you will watch the video The Fountainhead by Ayn Rand and then you will do some steps : Please write a 2 page paper applying ethical egoism to The Fountainhead. Ayn is one of the most misunderstood philosophers of the 21st century. You may still disagree with her when you are done but you should at least know her principles. Use specific examples and apply specific principles to them. An example of a good paper would be a concise introduction which explains what ethical egoism is (or Objectivism as Ayn named it) and conclusion which can include your own opinion. In the body of the essay, perhaps write five paragraphs of analysis which specify one of Ayn's principles and an example from the movie/book which exemplifies this principle. You can do more or less than five but try to give a few examples and some good analysis

Description Prepare a presentation about a sacred place in mythology, for example, the Oracle at Delphi or the Mahabodhi Temple. This place may or may not currently exist. Imagine this presentation as being like a travel guide book, letting someone from outside of the culture know what he or she should expect to find if he or she were to actually visit the mythical place. Create a 10- to 14-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with detailed speaker notes. The use of images is encouraged. Include the following: The mythological origins, history, and functions of the place Any sacred objects and attributes associated with the deities and mythological origins of this place, for example, Apollo's snake and lyre, or Buddha's bodhi tree. Discuss the symbolism of these objects as used by contemporary people and cultures. A comparison of this place to those that serve similar functions in other cultures, for example, mountain tops, temples, burial sites or memorials, and so on The relevance of this place and these objects in contemporary culture, What significance do these places or things hold in the minds and emotions of the people? How do these places or things connect to mythological stories from that culture? What is the role of place and the associated objects? The most important facts to know about the surrounding culture, and etiquette and dress to follow when visiting to this place. Most importantly, what do these details tell us about the culture that gave rise to the myth? Format your images, citations, and references according to the appropriate course level APA guidelines.

Description you will watch the video by youtube first Please watch this episode of Undercover Boss and do an Ethics of Care analysis on Jimbo, Marcee, and Colby. Specifically point out places when Ethics of Care was followed or violated. Do not generalize. In the last paragraph compare and contrast this analysis with any of the previous four theories. Use the vocabulary of Carol Gilligan and the principles found in the texts. There should be a short introduction and conclusion with 4 substantive paragraphs. Jimbo analysis Marcee analysis Colby analysis Compare and contrasting at least one other theory with Ethics of Care. You can break from this format a little but do it with intentionality. Make sure you cover at least those four topics I've presented. The paper should be 2 pages long 12pt Times New Roman font, double spaced, and 1 inch margins. Please submit if below on Turnitin.

Description One page discussion Walzer raises serious questions about the Supreme Emergency vs. the political need for unconditional surrender. In Chapter 16 of Just and Unjust Wars, Walzer affirms a doctrine he calls Supreme Emergency and rejects a doctrine he calls the Sliding Scale. The doctrines concern the question, how to interpret the moral right of noncombatant immunity (along with the rights and duties of combatants) in just warfare doctrine. In this chapter, Walzer examines both Nazi Germany and the Japanese aggression on Pearl Harbor in this section. The question about the English trying to destroying Nazi Germany seems fairly straight forward since Hitler was trying to conquer all of Europe and instituting genocide in all acquired German lands. Yet, even with the evils of Nazism, there are questions raised by historians about "bombing German cities simply for the sake of increasing the terror... The destruction of Dresden remains a serious query against the conduct of Allied bombings." (pg 261) The attack of Japan is not as settled, since the use of atomic weapons was so unprecedented and the destruction so immense. Walzer raises the question whether the United States' attack on Japan was a Supreme Emergency or was it psychological, that the American people needed to show that they were strong and perhaps for the American leaders to prove their leadership to their constituency. Similar questions may be raised after 9/11 when America attacked Iraq. Was the extreme use of force needed to prevent an enemy from overthrowing the United States Government? In a discussion, please consider the 6 Criteria for a just war found on page 176 and apply it to the bombing of Japan during WWII. Does the bombing of Japan also constitute a Supreme Emergency triggering the need to an atomic response? Here are two contradictory reports from two respectable sources. Also use the reading from Walzer which I've provided. To Bomb Link https://www.prageru.com/courses/history/was-it-wro... Not to Bomb Link http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/upfront/2016/0...

Description Vice versa Deadly vice: Greed & Charity APA format Construct a short essay on one of the seven deadly sins (vices) as discussed in the DeYoung text. A successful essay will at minimum contain the following: Follow a style format. APA, Turabian, and MLA are all acceptable formats for this assignment. Here is a link for good resources on the style formats that we use in the College of Arts & Sciences. Be between 1500 and 2000 words, including title page and list of references. Have at least five additional scholarly sources beyond the textbooks in this course as support for your observations and proposals. Here is a link to the Library guide for Theological Studies at the Regent Library. This will be helpful for you as you look for further sources. Have a robust definition and discussion on the particular vice that you have chosen to write on. Make sure that you identify how this vice is operating in the contemporary world. Describe how the opposite Biblical virtue to the vice you are describing combats and addresses this particular sin. Show how the enduring questions of truth, goodness and beauty assist us identifying, arresting and addressing this particular vice in our contemporary world. Have a clear thesis statement in the opening paragraph of the paper.

Description APA fomat but no title page Sloth, avarice, and lust – vices that are often glorified and celebrated in contemporary media. But many thinkers and leaders have lamented and warned against the dangers these vice pose to our society and souls. Based your readings for this unit, construct a post of 200 - 250 words in which you describe the nature and operation of the vices of sloth, avarice, and lust. Use the enduring question of what is goodness to frame your explorations. Be sure to provide clear Biblical and scholarly support for your posts. Feel free in using your textbooks as support material for this forum. Construct one further response post to another student in which you question, critique, elaborate or confirm their observations. The response post should be of equal length to your original post with the same level of support. Remember that in addition to your response to a fellow student, you must respond to all questions posed to you by your professor; your professor is very interested in your learning and responding to his or her questions is critical to this process.

Description APA format Challenging a Culture of Envy and Anger: A Biblical Response The ancient Rabbis and the authors of the New Testament considered envy to be one of the prime sins (compare James 3:16). Based on the readings of this for the last two units, construct a post of 200 - 250 words in which you explore in the impact of the deadly vices of envy and anger. Be sure to provide clear contemporary examples of how these deadly sins have affected culture and behavior. Offer Biblical ways that these vices can be addressed. Construct one further response post to another student in which you question, critique, elaborate or confirm their observations. The response post should be of equal length to your original post with the same level of support. Remember that in addition to your response to a fellow student, you must respond to all questions posed to you by your professor; your professor is very interested in your learning and responding to his or her questions is critical to this process.

Description APA format Defining Modernism and Postmodernism: A Biblical Response Have you ever been in church and either participated in or overhead a conversation about a controversial topic when someone interjected: "Well that may be true for you, but it's not true for me!" If you have, you were encountering postmodernism... Philosophers use terms such as modernity and postmodernity to describe the philosophical and theological shifts that have occurred during last number of centuries. For this forum, construct a post of 200-250 words in which you define the terms of modernity and postmodernity. Formulate a Biblical response to each of these philosophical movements in your post. Be sure to provide clear Biblical support for your posts and to reference the materials from this unit's Study section, as appropriate. Construct one further response post to another student in which you question, critique, elaborate or confirm their observations. A few words regarding the dialogue forums: 1. Please read the instructions very carefully. For the first forum there are four parts which you must address: a. What is modernity? b. What is your Biblical response to modernity? c. What is post modernity? d. What is your Biblical response to post modernity? 2. I will use a grading rubric for the forums. You will have an opportunity to view the rubric with my comments for each dialogue forum. Please open the rubric and read my comments. 3. You are expected to use proper grammar throughout these forums. Spelling and proper English is expected. 4. Each post, to include your response post, must contain scholarly reference materials. The text in the course, the Bible, and other research articles from journals are acceptable scholarly resources. Popular press articles from magazines and online sources most often are not scholarly sources. However, if you discuss contemporary items like a song, movie, or social media posting please make sure you properly cite the reference in the text of your post and list the source as a reference after the text of your post.